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C1 ALL-SOLID
STATE PULSER DESIGN FOR A PULSED CORONA
FLUE GAS POLLUTION MITIGATION SYSTEM
P.H.
Swart,
R.F. Uys,
Abstract
This
paper reports on progress made with the design, construction and
experimental evaluation of the pulser equipment on a Flue Gas
pollution mitigation system, used for on-line testing and flue gas
characterisation by Tswane
University
of
Technology
and
Eskom
Holdings.
A
separate
paper reports on the layout, use and the results
achieved with the mobile facility on which this equipment is
mounted.
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C2
LATEST
DEVELOPMENTS OF THE PLASMA-ENHANCED
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FOR MERCURY REMOVAL
IN
COAL-FIRED BOILER FLUE GAS
John
L. Montgomery, Daniel M. Battleson, Clarence G. Whitworth,
Isaac
Ray, Wayne Buckley, James Reynolds & Ralph
F. Altman
Abstract
The
plasma-enhanced electrostatic precipitator (PEESP) is an innovative
coal-fired boiler flue
gas mercury removal system that combines existing electrostatic
precipitator technology with
low-energy plasma technology.
This new technology is energy efficient and produces very
little
secondary waste as compared to baseline absorbent mercury removal
technologies.
In April
2002, MSE Technology Applications, Inc. (MSE), and Croll-Reynolds Clean
Air Technologies
(CRCAT)
were
awarded
a
joint
patent
on
the
PEESP
technology
based
on
bench-scale
experimental work conducted by MSE in February 2000.
The original PEESP
bench-scale
qualitative experiments performed at MSE during the summer of 2000
indicated high mercury
removal efficiencies while treating a simulated coal-fired
boiler gas stream containing
250 micrograms
per dry standard cubic meter (µg/dscm) of elemental mercury.
Steam plus oxygen
were used as the reagent gas while applying a constant
negative high-voltage source to the electrode in a single-element reactor.
Bench-scale testing results were reported at AQ3 last.
This paper will provide an update on laboratory scale testing in a
multiple electrode tubular wet
ESP.
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C3 From
Electrostatic Precipitation to
Corona
Plasma System
for Exhaust Gas CleaninG
K.
Yan, G.J.J. Winands, S.A. Nair, E. J .M. van Heesch, and A.J.M.Pemen,
Abstract
This paper does not intend to review either
electrostatic precipitation or corona plasma processing, but to discuss some critical issues when developing industrial
streamer corona plasma systems for exhaust gas cleaning. Based on streamer generation and
interaction between power sources and reactors, two energization methods, namely HPPS and DC/AC,
were developed. The data available would be sufficient enough for commercial-scale design of
a corona plasma system for DeNOx,
DeSO2
and dust removal. We foresee that by retrofitting available ESP, a
plasma based gas
cleaning system to
simultaneously remove polluting gases, heavy metals, and particles
will be applied in the
near future.
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C4 RESULTS
OF THE INDIGO AGGLOMERATOR TESTING
AT WATSON POWER STATION
Wallis
Harrison
,
Rodney
Truce,
Robert
Crynack
Abstract
The
Bipolar Electrostatic Agglomeration process used in the Indigo
Agglomerator attaches the fine
particles, generally smaller than five microns, to the larger
particles, generally larger than ten microns. The electrostatic
precipitator does not collect dust in the 0.3 micron to 3 micron range
efficiently. By
attaching these particles to large particles that are easily
collected, the Indigo Agglomerator greatly reduces fine particle
emissions from coal fired boilers.
This paper details the results of testing carried out by the
Southern Company on a commercial installation
of the
Indigo Agglomerator
at the
Watson Power
Station in
the USA.
The precipitators’
performance and
operation were
evaluated over
a twelve
month period
by comparing the two
identical precipitators installed on Watson Unit
4. The only difference between
A and B Precipitators is the installation of an Indigo Agglomerator
in the B Precipitator inlet
duct. This evaluation shows a major improvement in performance and
operating condition on B
Precipitator, due to reduced fine particles entering this
precipitator. An in-situ Process
Metrix optical particle
size measurement instrument was used to measure the change in
particle size produced by
the Indigo Agglomerator. These results confirm that the improved
Opacity and mass emissions
on B Precipitator are due to lower fine particle emissions caused by
a reduction in fine particles at the precipitator inlet as a result
of agglomeration in the Indigo Agglomerator.
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C5 MOBILE
FACILITY FOR ON-LINE FLUE GAS CHARACTERISATION
P.H.
Swart, R. Strydom, J.M. van Dyk, K
Dhaver-Young, M. Beeslaar,
R Hansen
Abstract
Eskom
Holdings and
Tswane University
of Technology
(TUT) initiated
a research project for the mitigation of coal burning power station
flue gas
pollutants.
It was
decided to
carry out
pulsed corona
flue gas
characterisation
on-line in
this project
on a
side-stream
at an
operating pulverised
fuel burning
power station.
In this,
removal energies
against removal percentages would be determined for NOx
and SOx
to furnish design information
for an
all-solid
state driven
pilot De-NOx
and De-SOx
pulsed corona
unit. A
mobile laboratory unit was constructed for this purpose and has
been used
to evaluate
the effectiveness
of the
solid-state
pulser equipment
and on the flue gas characterisation. This paper reports on the layout
of the mobile facility and on the flue gas measurements.
A separate paper
reports on the design, modelling and operation of the pulser
equipment itself.
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